A review of recent advances in the surgical management of anal fissures

An anal fissure is a rupture or lesion in the canal's lining below mucocutaneous junction dentate line. It painful condition that can last for up to two hours during and after defecation. The present literature review aimed at outlining clinical signs symptoms, etiopathogenesis, evaluation, surgical management of fissures with brief discussion on laser-assisted surgeries. This has been compiled revisit different treatment modalities based recent updates literature. PubMed ScienceDirect databases were used search this review. Based interventions are necessary when conventional pharmacological fails cure disease. There varying outcomes type surgery respect healing rates, recurrence, incontinence. However, may vary from patient patient. Various studies have shown lateral internal sphincterotomy currently considered most effective fissures. Surgeons choose use either closed open method procedure. Using lasers help minimize bleeding postoperative pain. Despite numerous practice guidelines systematic reviews, there still debate over ideal treatment. Surgical treatments discussed advantages surgeon right person decide which procedure suitable